Israel's parliament, the Knesset, on Thursday passed legislation that would significantly limit the conditions under which Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu could be deemed unfit to govern.
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The law — the first of several set to overhaul the judiciary — is believed to be intended to stop the Supreme Court or the Attorney General's Office from influencing possible impeachment.
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The legislation stipulates that a three-quarters majority in parliament or the Cabinet would be needed to remove a prime minister from office — and only for psychological or other health reasons.
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It was approved by the 120-seat Knesset in a 61-to-47 vote, with the remaining lawmakers either absent or abstaining from the vote, and is part of a series of legislative measures that opponents say will imperil judicial independence in Israel.
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The non-partisan Israel Democracy Institute said the previously existing situation could have led to Attorney General Gali Baharav-Miara, who was appointed by the previous government, asserting that the prime minister was unfit to govern.
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That could have happened if she decided that Netanyahu was trying to halt three court cases against him for corruption.
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The terms of the new law — which could still face a legal challenge — preclude this, instead providing the government with guidance about what to do in the event of a non-functioning prime minister.
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Baharav-Miara last month said that Netanyahu must stand back from his coalition's push for a judicial overhaul because of a potential conflict of interest arising from his trials.
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The prime minister's opponents claim that he is seeking to use the wider judicial reforms to halt the cases that he faces.
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Netanyahu has denied all the charges against him, claiming that they are a politicized bid to oust him from office.
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The government's plan to overhaul the judicial system has plunged Israel into one of the worst domestic crises in its near 75-year history.
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It would give the government more power in selecting Supreme Court judges, and Netanyahu wants it ratified by April 2.
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Opponents of the legal changes say the government — Israel's most right-wing ever — is seeking to erode the separation of powers in Israel, putting the country on a path toward autocracy.
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Netanyahu's administration says the changes are needed to restore a balance between the executive and judicial branches, claiming that liberal judges have become too interventionist in the running of the country.
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The prime minister this week announced a softening of his overhaul plan — limiting to two the number of judges his administration can choose without support from at least one opposition member and one judge.
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However, the opposition has said it still intends to challenge the legislation in the Supreme Court.
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Protesters launched further demonstrations on Thursday, blocking roads and setting tires ablaze.
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Tens of thousands of people have turned out for weekly protests against the reforms each Saturday night for more than two months.
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