Did top IDF general resign amid massive West Bank ops because his job was ‘done’?

Israel's top general resigned on Tuesday, 21 January, citing security and intelligence failures related to Hamas' surprise attack that triggered the war in the Gaza Strip.

Israel meanwhile launched a large operation in the occupied West Bank, killing at least six people, according to Palestinian officials.

Lt Gen. Herzi Halevi is the most senior Israeli figure to resign over the security breakdown on 7 October 2023, when thousands of Hamas militants carried out a land, sea and air assault into southern Israel, rampaging through army bases and nearby communities for hours.

The attack killed some 1,200 people, mostly civilians, and the militants abducted another 250. More than 90 captives are still being held in Gaza, around a third of whom are believed to be dead.

Halevi's resignation came just as Israel entered into a fragile ceasefire with Hamas that could lead to an end to the war on Gaza and the return of the remaining captives.

Maj. Gen. Yaron Finkelman, head of Israel's Southern Command, which oversees operations in Gaza, also tendered his resignation.

The resignation of the two senior generals will likely add to calls for a public inquiry into the 7 October failures, something Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu — whose leadership could be implicated — has said must wait until the war is over.

Halevi had also appeared to be at odds with Israel's new defence minister, Israel Katz, over the direction of the war, with Halevi saying Israel had accomplished most of its goals and Katz echoing Netanyahu's vow to keep fighting until “total victory” over Hamas.

In his letter of resignation, Halevi said the military, under his command, had “failed in its mission to defend the State of Israel" when Hamas attacked but had made “significant achievements” in the ensuing war, which has rippled across the Middle East.

Halevi, who began what was meant to be a three-year term in January 2023, said his resignation would go into effect on 6 March 2025.

Another major operation in Jenin

Israel meanwhile announced a “significant and broad military operation” against Palestinian militants in Jenin. The city has seen repeated Israeli incursions and gunbattles with militants in recent years, even before the outbreak of the Gaza war.

The Palestinian health ministry said at least 6 people were killed and 35 wounded. It does not distinguish between militants and civilians in its tally.

Israel captured the West Bank, Gaza and east Jerusalem in the 1967 Mideast war. The Palestinians seek an independent state encompassing all three territories per the post-World War II UN resolution.

The ceasefire with Hamas does not apply to the West Bank, which has seen a surge of violence since the start of the war. Israeli troops have carried out near-daily raids that often ignite gunbattles.

There has also been a rise in attacks on Palestinians by Jewish extremists — including a rampage in two Palestinian villages overnight between Sunday and Monday (19–20 January) — as well as Palestinian attacks on Israelis.

Hamas condemned the Israeli operation in Jenin, calling on Palestinians in the occupied West Bank to step up their own attacks.

The smaller and more radical Islamic Jihad militant group also condemned the operation, saying it reflected Israel's “failure to achieve its goals in Gaza". It said it was also a “desperate attempt” by Netanyahu to save his governing coalition.

Netanyahu faces domestic criticism over ceasefire

Netanyahu has faced criticism from his far-right allies over the ceasefire, which required Israeli troops to pull back from populated areas in Gaza and envisions the release of hundreds of Palestinian prisoners.

The ceasefire is supposed to last for six weeks and see 33 Hamas hostages released in return for hundreds of Palestinians imprisoned by Israel. Three hostages and 90 prisoners respectively were released on Sunday, 19 January, as the ceasefire first took effect.

The truce has already seen Hamas return to the streets, showing that it remains in firm control of the territory despite 15 months of war that killed tens of thousands of Palestinians and caused widespread devastation.

One of Netanyahu's erstwhile partners, Itamar Ben-Gvir, quit the government the day the ceasefire went into effect, weakening the coalition but still leaving Netanyahu with a parliamentary majority.

Another far-right leader, finance minister Bezalel Smotrich, has threatened to bolt if Israel does not resume the war after the first phase of the ceasefire ends in six weeks.

Israel's military campaign has killed over 47,000 Palestinians in Gaza, according to local health authorities, who say women and children make up more than half of the fatalities but do not say how many of the dead were fighters. Israel says it killed over 17,000 militants, without providing evidence.